強制「保」護：拍色情片要戴套 洛杉磯郡公投通過

策劃、編譯■李威撰洛杉磯郡選民投票通過一項創制案，該法案強制要求色情片演員在拍攝性愛鏡頭時必須戴套，結果7日引發產業團體揚言提告，並威脅將外移他處。據洛杉磯郡登記處辦公室指出，愛滋病保健基金會提出的《B議案》，6日以55.85％比44.15％的差距獲得通過。美國愛滋病保健基金會會長溫斯坦表示：「民主就是這個樣子，我們將這個議題帶往郡政府，他們無動於衷，所以我們直接訴諸選民，而選民做出了結論。」產業團體揚言展開訴訟這項法條規定，A片演員在洛杉磯郡拍攝性愛鏡頭時要使用保險套。美國大多數的色情片都在洛杉磯郡的聖費南多谷出產。產業團體言論自由聯盟的執行長杜克，7日寫信給洛杉磯郡政委員會，表示法律是違憲的，而且管轄權是歸州政府所有，而非地方政府。杜克在信中表示，「所以，我們將展開訴訟，在法庭挑戰這項無法接受的法律。」該封信件的副本也提供給《路透》。▲浙江奉化一家工廠生產的性愛充氣娃娃，圖攝於2012年2月13日。（圖文／路透）她表示，成人影片的拍攝業者，已經在做外移的準備。她還表示：「接下來的幾個星期跟幾個月，我們將提出一份路線圖給成人片商，讓他們將產值超過10億美元的產業及附帶的1萬份工作機會，外移到那些歡迎我們的地區。」如何推行尚無定論郡政委員會發言人索莫斯拒絕針對這封信件作出回應，他表示自己尚未閱讀這封信件。他表示，該郡衛生官員正持續針對該法律的意涵進行爭論。「這類的執法，對我們來說是新事物，這是獨一無二的法律，所以我們在執行上如何推動還有討論空間。現在我們只是剛取得選民就《B議案》所做出的表決結果。」這項創制案，要求色情片片商從洛杉磯郡取得衛生許可，才能開拍性交及裸露的影片，使用保險套則是取得許可的條件之一。加州的職場法規，要求色情片演員使用保險套。但愛滋病保健基金會官員表示，這項規定沒有特別針對該產業，且法條普遍未被遵行。言論自由聯盟在信中表示，該規定會為守法行為帶來過高的成本。《B議案》正式名稱為《洛杉磯郡成人片產業較安全性行為法案》（County of Los Angeles Safer Sex in the Adult Film Industry Act），要點如下：◎議案將增訂條例，加入到《洛杉磯郡法規》第11 編「健康與安全」的第39章「成人影片」當中。◎議案目的是意圖讓性傳播感染的散布極小化，方法是管制成人片產業。◎議案要求，成人影片生產者，需取得洛杉磯郡公共衛生廳所核發的公共衛生許可，並支付衛生廳所設定的許可費用，該費用的額度應滿足執法所須。◎議案將提出一許可程序，規定申請的提出及取得血源性病原體培訓課程的證明，隨後才核發許可。議案也要求提出一份感染時的管控計畫。◎議案除了要求拍攝成人影片的過程中，所有肛門或陰道的性行為都要使用保險套之外，同時也要求張貼公衛許可，並告知演員要使用保險套。◎法案將授權給衛生廳去執行條例所載之規定，包括違反條例或其他法規者，可暫緩或撤銷其公衛許可的核發。（路透）Los Angeles County voters passed a ballot initiative mandating that pornographic film actors wear condoms （1） during sex scenes, prompting a trade group on Wednesday to threaten to sue and take production elsewhere.Measure B, which was sponsored by the group AIDS Healthcare Foundation, won approval on Tuesday by a margin of 55.85 percent to 44.15 percent, according to the Los Angeles County Registrar-Recorder's office."This is what democracy looks like; we took this to county government, and they didn't act so we took it directly to the voters, and they spoke conclusively," AIDS Healthcare Foundation President Michael Weinstein said.The law requires adult film （2） actors filming in Los Angeles County to use condoms during sex scenes. Most U.S. pornographic productions are made in the county's San Fernando Valley.Diane Duke, chief executive for the industry group Free Speech Coalition, told Los Angeles County supervisors in a letter on Wednesday that the law was unconstitutional （3） and that it fell under state jurisdiction, not that of local government."Therefore, we will file suit and challenge this intolerable law in court," Duke said in the letter. A copy was provided to Reuters.She said the adult filmmakers had been approached to move elsewhere, adding: "In the upcoming weeks and months, we will provide a roadmap for adult production to move its over a billion dollar industry and its accompanying 10,000 jobs to these welcoming communities."David Sommers, a spokesman for the Board of Supervisors, declined to respond specifically to the letter, saying he had not read it. He said county health officials were still grappling with the law's implications."This type of enforcement is a new thing for us and it's a one-of-a-kind law and so how we move forward with its implementation is a conversation we're just beginning to have given how the voters decided Measure B," he said.The initiative （4） requires porn producers to get a health permit from Los Angeles County to make their movies showing sex and nudity. Using condoms would be a condition of obtaining that permit.California workplace laws mandate the use of condoms by porn performers, but AIDS Healthcare officials say the statute is not specifically aimed at the industry and is widely violated. The Free Speech Coalition said in its letter that such requirements would impose excessive costs of compliance （5）.Official Title and Summary: County of Los Angeles Safer Sex in the Adult Film Industry ActThe measure would enact an ordinance to add Chapter 11.39, entitled ‘Adult Films,” to Title 11, Health and Safety, of the Los Angeles County Code.The purpose of the measure is intended to minimize the spread of sexually transmitted infections by regulating the adult film industry.The measure would require producers of adult films to obtain a public health permit from the Los Angeles County Department of Public Health (“the Department”) and pay a permit fee set by the Department in an amount sufficient for necessary enforcement.The measure would provide for a permitting process that requires application submission and proof of completion of a blood borne pathogen training course, after which a permit shall be issued. The measure also requires submission of an exposure control plan.The measure would require use of condoms for all acts of anal or vaginal sex during the production of adult films, as well as the posting of the public health permit and notice to performers regarding condom use.The measure would authorize the Department to enforce the provisions of the ordinance, including suspending or revoking the public health permit for violating the ordinance or any other law.（Reuters）關鍵字詞1. condom（n.）保險套2. adult film（n.）成人片3. unconstitutional（a.）違憲的4. initiative（n.）創制5. compliance（n.）順從