這座位於西班牙雷烏斯（Reus）的「112緊急應變大樓 112 Building」，其數字便是以緊急求救電話號碼112為名。當地建築師事務所ACXT-IDOM將原本散落各地的一些單位及設施，像是112服務專線、警察局、消防隊、健康中心及市民防衛組織等整合在這棟大樓內，各單位共同使用大樓內設備外，也將各單位服務電話也整合為單一的112號碼。112緊急應變大樓不但成為了新的災難緊急應變中心，同時大樓也是當地第一棟獲得美國綠建築認證（LEED）的公共設施建築。
事務所除了需設計出一棟可使用新式緊急管理系統的標準大樓外，同時也需符合不少的規定，像是與四周環境如鐵道和直昇機系統的配合、嚴格的保全系統、新科技的整合、解決碳足跡及需有能為社區提供相關教育功能等等。期望大樓的成立能為社區帶來最佳的效益，同時讓大樓內的各單位能更快速地彼此合作處理緊急救難事件。
112緊急應變大樓位於Tarragona校園內，不但周遭圍繞著許多工業與休閒設施，更是靠近二條重要高速公路的交點。事務所在長且深的基地上，並在符合安全考量原則下規劃出像是直昇機停機坪、停車場等空間。大樓白色的外觀無論在白天與黑夜都已成為了當地顯著的建築地標。
112緊急應變大樓主要由三部份所組成，分別為包含了停車場及倉庫等的服務區，其頂樓更可一覽造景區並看見有著演講廳及餐廳等設施及可環視四周景色的公共區，最後則為以金屬及塑膠網狀結構設計而成的控制中心區。控制中心由一大型金屬結構與網狀塑膠設計組合成二層的外立面，不但有效阻檔了直射的日照，更提升了控制中心的隱密性與安全性；而金屬材質的運用除了能符合各控制室的功能性外，金屬材質的靈活性也可用在未來的整合擴充上。將各控制室以圍繞空間的方式分佈，則是為了能讓日光自然地漫射到各房間中。
在節省能源的考量上，112緊急應變大樓除了符合西班牙當地的能源使用規範外，更獲得了美國綠建築認證LEED的銀牌級認證。事務所指出，這不只反應出高能源效率使用上的成果，也成功地完成了興建綠建築時的需求過程。在管理上同時也鼓勵員工們儘量使用公共運輸或是共享乘車以減少碳排放量。整體而言，112緊急應變大樓與一般大樓相較下可減少約50%的用水量34%的能源消耗。而整體系統中最值得觀注的就是從資料處理中心所發散出的熱源可被再次收集用以加熱提供熱水，或是用在地熱系統的加熱或冷卻上。
【延伸閱讀】
ACXT-IDOM 事務所
http://www.idom.com/en/architecture/acxt/
更多建築旅遊資訊，請上【建築行腳】專輯
http://www.xinmedia.com/n/featurestory_list.aspx?collectionid=111
更多國外建築脈動請上【國際脈動】
http://solomo.xinmedia.com/archi/news/International
編譯／蘇琨峰 圖文／ACXT-IDOM
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Profile
蘇琨峰／Andre
一隻喜愛新事物也對舊事物固執的牡羊。台北工專土木工程科、雲林科技大學營建工程結構組畢業，工作後決定離職前往澳洲再度充實自己並一圓留學夢，畢業於墨爾本大學經濟與商業研究所，主修商業與資訊管理。喜歡看建築、旅行探索、研究攝影、愛打網球、沉溺爵士樂當了爵士樂團薩克斯風手。目前為《欣建築／國際脈動》編譯、文字記者、辦理欣建築相關活動及國際領隊。
112 Building／ACXT-IDOM
A new typology
The new 112 Building in Reus is the model for the new emergencies management and service system in Catalonia, and the first public facility in the country to have a LEED certification.
It is a new architectonic typology that brings together all the bodies in charge of managing emergencies in Catalonia.
Before, these bodies were scattered around the territory (the 112 call centre, the police, firemen, public health and civil defence), had different phone numbers and didn’t share technological frameworks.
Their gathering under a same roof, where they share technology and processes, and the substitution of all lines for the single emergencies number 112, will result in a more efficient and better coordinated management of emergencies.
Rationale
The starting conditions of the project were long and varied. We were facing the model of the new emergencies management system to which, furthermore, a long list of clauses were attached:
•The demanding adaptation of the complex with its surroundings (the railway system, the heliport)
•Strict security conditions, outside and in.
•Advanced technology integration
•Specific ergonomics for the operators.
•Ensure good relations between the operators that used to work in separate headquarters.
•Solve the ecological footprint with efficient systems.
•Allow the building to have an educational function for society, etc.
On top of all that, a long list of regulations, a restrictive budget (exclusively what was necessary), and a tight time frame were to be added, in order for society to benefit from it as soon as possible.
Concept
The complex follows the rationale using an organizational system based on clear and concise project tools which help standardize its heterogeneous demands and highlight what we consider important:
•The scale of the place: location within the territory, relation with infrastructures, artificial landscape.
•The relationship (previously hidden) between society and operatives: exterior view of the building, showing the new emergency management system, day and night presence.
•The coming together of the operative bodies in one building: a single structure holds them all, unified by the colour white, transversal to them all.
•The relation between operative bodies: definition of a common space that activates synergies (before they shared information from a distance; now they communicate).
Landscape and territory
The complex is located in the Camp the Tarragona as a new infrastructure and architectonic reference, surrounded by many industrial and leisure facilities. The building follows a territorial scale, not an urban one. It stands on the outskirts of the municipalities of Reus and Tarragona, very near the junction between two very important motorways. The plot is still surrounded by orchards. Its positioning in the long and steep plot was carried out following safety criteria and terracing the main functional elements: the heliport, the parking lot, the plinth and the operative box.
Shape and function
The building is horizontally divided into three layers: services plinth, public area and operational levels.
The services plinth (parking lot, changing rooms, stockrooms, resting areas, building services) becomes the element that adapts to the peculiarities of the plot (topography and shape). Its roof offers back to the environment a landscaped area, which meets with the public part of the building (auditorium, press room, restaurant) on the first floor. This floor, situated above the olive-tree fields, grants excellent views over the territory, leading to the next floors: the operative box.
The operative box is formed by a large metal structure and a plastic mesh that achieves a double objective: avoiding direct solar radiation on the façade, on all sides, and cancelling out the idea of openings in the façade, thus increasing the territorial aspect of the building.
The metal structure, apart from solving the functional needs of the operational rooms, also allows flexibility to be incorporated for future floor distributions and promotes an image of unity of the operational bodies integrated in the new emergencies management model, through its solidity and its white colour, neutral to the uniforms of the operational bodies.
To boost the coordination and the synergies amongst the operators, the operations rooms are arranged around a large space that also allows natural diffuse sunlight to the inside of the operational box. Otherwise, vertical communications are defined by four nuclei: the telecommunications tower nucleus – which is also useful when receiving visits – the authorities’ one, the maintenance one and the main access for workers one.
This functional matrix (horizontal layers and vertical communications) coincides with the structural and conceptual configuration of the building: a ground floor with a reticular flooring (services plinth) and a metal structure box, that forms the operative area and is supported by the four concrete nuclei.
Functional and physical safety
In order to protect operations, the building has high security measures, both exterior and interior. The need to work round the clock, 24 hours a day, 365 days a year, calls for the main building services (electricity, telecommunications, air conditioning) to be redundant and for the building to be able to be self-sufficient for at least 5 days, should the supply fail.
Energy efficiency
The building, apart from satisfying all Spanish energy efficiency regulations, has obtained a “LEED Silver Certification”. This not only implies the achievement of high energy efficiency values (façade, services) but also, that a more demanding building process has been carried out. It also implies the use of mechanisms for building management and the workforce, after construction, for example encouraging the use of public transport or car pooling, among others.
It is thought that the systems planned will save 50% of water and 34% of energy consumption, compared with that of a normal building. One of the highlighted mechanisms is the use of dissipated energy from the Data Processing Centre for heating the water that the building needs or the usage of a geothermal system to heat/cool the changing rooms.
【More Information】
ACXT-IDOM
http://www.idom.com/en/architecture/acxt/
More architecture tour information, here you go【Architecture Footprint】
http://www.xinmedia.com/n/featurestory_list.aspx?collectionid=111
More architecture works abroad, here you go 【International】
http://solomo.xinmedia.com/archi/news/International
Text & Photos／ACXT-IDOM
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Andre Profile
A male Aries, loves learning new things and being nostalgic to old things. Academic background: Bachelor of Construction Engineering Department at National YunTech University, Taiwan and Diploma of Graduate School of Business and Economics at University of Melbourne. With character of a little introvert, addicting to architecture, photography, tennis, Jazz music and saxophone and being the translator of Xin Architecture/ International, reporter, holder of activities and international tour leader.